To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb b\u1ea1n ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai kh\u00e1c ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. Cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1eebng n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1eebng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u00ean vai ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m trong h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i, ‘\u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 Tr\u1eddi. Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i, cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5; ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.’<\/p>\n
Ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 Krishna c\u0169ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Arjuna, ‘\u0110\u1eebng lo ngh\u0129. Anh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y v\u00ec Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ai b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u. Th\u1ef1c ra, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft r\u1ed3i \u2013 anh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu anh kh\u00f4ng \u0111i gi\u1ebft th\u00ec ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. V\u1eady n\u00ean t\u1ea1i sao tr\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y? C\u1ee9 l\u00e0m b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a anh \u0111i! V\u00e0 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u1eddi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i.’<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Krishna trong Srimad Bhagavad Gita<\/em>. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh Arjuna \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh nhau. Th\u1ef1c ra, Arjuna \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, ‘T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3: gi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf, h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n t\u00f4i, h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i; ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean c\u00f9ng nhau. C\u00e1c anh em t\u00f4i… ngay c\u1ea3 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia! \u1ede ph\u00eda b\u00ean n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n t\u00f4i, \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n t\u00f4i.’<\/p>\n \u0110\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u2013 huynh \u0111\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e0n \u2013 cho n\u00ean c\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham chi\u1ebfn. V\u00e0 Arjuna n\u00f3i, ‘T\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u00f4i n\u00ean b\u1ecf to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y. V\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng c\u00f3 \u00edch g\u00ec m\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng sau khi gi\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau m\u1ebfn v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng? Cho d\u00f9 t\u00f4i th\u1eafng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u1ea3. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.’<\/p>\n Cho n\u00ean s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o r\u1eebng, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, thi\u1ec1n, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp ng\u1edb ng\u1ea9n, v\u00f4 t\u00edch s\u1ef1!’<\/p>\n Anh ta \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng Krishna \u0111\u00e3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c anh ta. V\u00e0 m\u1ecdi l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 \u0111i v\u00f2ng vo quanh m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m duy nh\u1ea5t: r\u1eb1ng ‘Anh kh\u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u1eddi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i.’<\/p>\n M\u1ecdi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y theo nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nhau: h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111i t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mang t\u00ednh m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00e1y. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi; cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi Krishna ch\u00fat n\u00e0o. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u00ean ai \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Tr\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai gi\u1ed1ng th\u1ebf t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 cho d\u00f9 Tr\u1eddi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf, v\u00ec th\u1ebf th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thu l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh con v\u1eadt; th\u1ebf th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt, tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 – kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t Ph\u1eadt th\u1ebf th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb g\u00ec trong vi\u1ec7c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt. Ai \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u1ebb gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1eb9p v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt? C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 – n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Jaina gi\u00e1o v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 Tr\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecba ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 m\u1edbi. H\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfp qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 tri\u1ebft l\u00ed v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p: r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u2013 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, m\u1ecdi ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ki\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ch\u00fang x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec; \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u1edf trong tay c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u2013 l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i t\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. V\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i t\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau \u2013 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n Hegel, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tri\u1ebft gia v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 n\u00e0o v\u00ec trong tri\u1ebft l\u00ed Ki t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, M\u00f4 ha m\u00e9t gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Do Th\u00e1i, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng. V\u1eady Tr\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh hay cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 do. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u00ean \u00f4ng Tr\u1eddi… Hegel kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec \u00f4ng \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 logic, m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft gia l\u1edbn. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i sao Tr\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 Christ v\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Jesus. T\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec l\u00ed do g\u00ec? \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 r\u1ea5t tu\u1ef3 ti\u1ec7n. V\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao ng\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i n\u00e0y \u2013 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ed5 sao?<\/p>\n Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u00f3 n\u1edf hoa, ph\u00fac l\u1ea1c, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 khoe khoang v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecbnh, cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. Ai \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m sao ng\u00e0i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ai \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac? \u00cdt nh\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Jaina v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00ed ho\u00e1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3: c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfp qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>\n Hegel \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh theo l\u1ecbch s\u1eed – l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1edbi ch\u1eef L hoa; n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Tr\u1eddi. Ch\u00ednh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Tr\u1eddi hay vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00ed v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n V\u00e0 th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, Karl Marx, \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kinh t\u1ebf. Ch\u00ednh kinh t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh giai c\u1ea5p m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u: r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. G\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 Tr\u1eddi, g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p, g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i: r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 t\u00f4i b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf trong xi\u1ec1ng x\u00edch, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa c\u0169ng l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. B\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111a chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh theo b\u1ea5t k\u00ec h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do, t\u1ef1 do tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef1 do tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u1edbn t\u1edbi. V\u1edbi t\u1ef1 do l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, v\u00e0 t\u1eebng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m, \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ngh\u0129, \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n \u0111ang m\u01a1, v\u00ec ngay c\u1ea3 m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n Theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng l\u1edbn, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u1edbn n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00ec th\u1ebf th\u00ec n\u1ebfu c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111i sai, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u00e1c l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1eafn, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft b\u1ecf qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n Khai t\u00e2m v\u00e0o t\u00ednh sannyas ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang r\u1eddi b\u1ecf kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: d\u00f9 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1c gi\u00e1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hindu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4 ha m\u00e9t gi\u00e1o \u2013 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang r\u1eddi b\u1ecf kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1eafn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c sinh \u2013 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c sinh: ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c sinh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1edbi, tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1edbi t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c n\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec t\u1edbi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1eeb \u201cThi\u1ec1n: Th\u00fa v\u1ecb, S\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng, Ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi, v\u00e0 Sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d, Ch.11 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi: ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng